Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Emerging Technologies on Scientific Research

Abstract

This study explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and emerging technologies on scientific research quality and efficiency, focusing on students at Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad (AIOU). The research employs a quantitative design, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from 169 participants. Both independent and dependent variables were operationalized, with AI-related factors considered as independent variables and research quality and efficiency as the dependent variable. Data was analyzed using correlation and regression analysis via SPSS, and the reliability of the scales was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha, which showed acceptable to excellent reliability (0.736 for AI-related scales and 0.867 for research quality scales). The study found a strong positive correlation between General Perception of AI and Current Use of AI, indicating that better perceptions of AI correlate with higher usage in research. Additionally, concerns about AI’s use were positively related to the perceived improvement in scientific research quality, suggesting that despite reservations, the technology is seen as beneficial in enhancing research processes. Regression analysis confirmed that AI has a significant impact on improving research quality and efficiency, with AI usage explaining a substantial portion of the variation in research outcomes. The study concludes with recommendations for increasing training in AI technologies, addressing ethical concerns, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to maximize AI’s benefits in research.