Association Between Social Constraints and Family Planning Practices in Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Abstract

This study investigates the social barriers influencing the adoption of family planning methods in Tehsil Timergara, District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A quantitative research design was used, and data were collected from 379 respondents through stratified random sampling procedure using a structured questionnaire. The study examines the relationship between social constraints and the adoption of family planning methods. Chi-square analysis was applied to determine the association between independent variable (social constraints) and dependent variable (family planning). The results indicate statistically significant associations between social barriers and family planning. The study concludes that social and cultural barriers remain critical determinants of family planning behavior in the study area. It recommends policy interventions focusing on male involvement, improved access to reproductive health services and community awareness, to expand family planning adoption.