Understanding Risk and Protective Factors of Generation Z’s Relationship with Extended Family in Pakistan

Abstract

In the sociocultural context of Pakistan, the relationship of Generation Z (born in 1997-2012) with their extended families is apparent by prominent battle between collectivist perspectives and individualistic values. The present qualitative study inquires the risk and protective factors that play a significant role in establishing the relational ties between Generation Z and their Extended Family within Pakistan. Using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis, in-depth semi structured interviews were conducted with 12 generation Z (12-27 years of age) participants, recruited via purposive and snowball sampling. The analysis produced three overall categories of risk factors that included Interference, Perceived Difference & Distance and three categories of protective factors which included Relational Dynamics, Parental Roles and Mediation & Proximity and Engagement. Academic and work related interference by extended family, issues related to communication between generations, enforcement of value and emotional & geographic distancing play a role in risk factors however Protective factors included liberated communication, shared values and healthy boundary setting as well as role of parents as mediators. The findings point that Generation Z navigating through extended family ties by setting emotional boundaries and prioritizing their psychological health over engaging with extended family members out of obligation. The findings have been linked and supported within the literary context of Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, Attachment Theory, and Eriksonian Developmental theories, alongside the idea of collectivism in Pakistani family culture. Implications for policy making and clinician have also been added in the study.