Assessment of Environmental Pollution Caused by Marble Mining in District Buner, Pakistan

Abstract

Marble mining is a major economic activity in District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, contributing to employment, income generation, and regional development. However, the extraction and processing of marble have also led to significant environmental degradation and social challenges. This study aimed to assess community perceptions of the environmental and social impacts of marble mining in the district. Primary data were collected from mine workers, mine owners, and local residents using structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and field observations. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The findings indicate that marble mining has considerable adverse effects on the environment and the well-being of local communities, with water and land pollution, along with health-related issues, emerging as the most prominent concerns. The study concludes that while marble mining plays an important role in regional economic development, the adoption of effective environmental management practices, improved waste management systems, regular environmental monitoring, and stronger regulatory enforcement is essential to promote sustainable mining in the region.