The Hermeneutics of Pakhtuns’ Representation in Pashto Drama by PTV: A Critical Discourse Analysis

Abstract

This study explores the Representation of Pakhtuns in Pashto Drama by Pakistan Television Peshawar through the Critical Discourse Analysis Research Model by Norman Fairclough. The analysis is based on the Representation Theory by Stuart Hall, which believes that representation has real-life consequences for a nation, ethnic group, or community. This is why the study examines how Pakhtuns are represented in Pashto Drama. The researchers have selected four popular dramas through convenient sampling, aired by PTV in different eras which attracted the viewers and brought monetary benefits to the station. The study employs the CDA model which is a theory too, to critically analyze the discourse through language, visualization, and characterization, revealing how media frames and constructs the image of Pakhtuns for its audience. The Representation theory is used to understand further the sociopolitical context in which these portrayals emerge and the impact they have on public perception of Pakhtun culture and traditions. The study finds that Pakhtuns are misrepresented through text, visuals, and characterization. This misrepresentation of Pakhtuns in Pashto dramas can have disastrous consequences as viewers get a negative impression of them. The research contributes to the broader understanding of Pakhtuns’ representation in Pakistani Media in general and focuses on Pashto drama highlighting both the reinforcement and contestation of stereotypes.