Perceived Effectiveness of ABA Based Interventions for Development of Social Skills among Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Survey of Teachers Opinions

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a complex range of neurological and behavioral features. Manifestation of autism spectrum disorder is identified through deficits in social interaction and communication, existing concomitantly with repetitive and restricted behaviors. Developing an understanding of these characteristics is crucial for diagnosis and interventions for autism. Persons with autism often face experience issues with social-emotional reciprocity, initiating and maintaining social relationships and non-verbal communication (Cederna, 2023). They may also develop repetitive behaviors, insistence on sameness, narrow interests and stereotyped movements (Yang, 2023). Furthermore, they may also face difficulties with development and use of language, which may include atypical speech patterns, difficulties in and limited range of conversational skills (Cederna, 2023).  Zhao (2024) and Lai & Baron-Cohen (2023) denote that atypical brain development and alterations in brain structure such as superior temporal sulcus and amygdala can lead to impaired social cognition. It has also been indicated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder may also experience difficulties in understanding other people’s mental state and they may also experience issues in executive functioning (Zhao, 2024; Lai & Baron-Cohen, 2023). Autism spectrum disorder leaves a profound impact on social skills such as social communication and interaction and social behavior and play. Difficulties in socialization, communication and behavior can be mitigated through targeted interventions. Gajre et al. (2024) reported that persons with autism spectrum disorder often find it difficult to appropriately interpret social cures and involve in reciprocal social interactions which consequently lead to impaired relationships.