How Educational Institutions Contribute to Unemployment in Pakistan (2021-2025): An Analysis

Abstract

Utilizing the core weaknesses and performance of Pakistan’s educational system, this article examines how these elements have caused the rising unemployment in the country from 2022-2025. With growing higher education and increasing enrollments, Pakistan’s academic system continues to churn out graduates, who are deficient in up-to-date skills, have outdated curricula, and vocational training not relevant to industry requirements. The research evaluates the effect of teaching approaches that concentrate on theory, a repetitive learning approach, and a lack of communication between educational institutions and businesses in regards to the development of graduates who are not prepared for work. No guidance on career paths, no training in digital technologies, and insufficient encouragement of entrepreneurship all contribute to increasing the existing crisis. Furthermore, the structural problems of uneven regional development, ineffective support to technical training, and political influence on the formulation of education policies have hindered efforts to reform. From an analysis of government reports, labor market data, as well as real-life situations, this article presents a detailed analysis that, notwithstanding all the benefits of education, educational institutions do not solve but contribute to the problem of unemployment. Research validates the need to improve curricula, follow a skills-centric approach, and create strong collaborations between the government and industry to teach practical skills to meet job market demands in Pakistan.